CCNA learning: VLAN

VLAN Character:

1. broadcast area seperate

2. physical position flexibility

3. security

Default all ports below to VLAN1

One VLAN can exist in different switchers(need make connect between two switchers for each VLAN)

Trunk connection instead of make connect by each VLAN, only need 2 ports of 2 switchers

VLAN Trunck Connection: use ISL(cisco private) / 802.1Q to identify the frames belong to which VLAN

ISL: add ISL head information on frame; Hardware realize

26 bytes, Support 1024 VLAN

IEEE 802.1Q: add VLAN TAG on frame

VLAN config (vlan-id: 1-1005)

Go to VLAN config mode: (config)#vlan <vlan-id>

Set VLAN name: (config-vlan)#name <vlan-name>

Set interface into VLAN: 

(config)#interface <interface>

(config-if)#switchport mode access

(config-if)#switchport access vlan <vlan-id>

Set interface as  trunck:

(config)#interface <interface>

(config-if)#switchport tunk encapsulation <isl|dot1q|negotiate>

(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Example

one error: f0/24 should be f0/1

Verfication

VTP: VLAN Trunking Protocol

VTP work:

1.  Transfer messge by multiple type

2.  Server and client will synchronize

3. Every 5 minutes send out message or change happen

VTP Model:

1. Server Model(default model): create vlan, modify vlan, delete vlan, send/transfer message, synchronize(VLAN information), save in NVRAM

2. Client Model: send/transfer message, synchronize(VLAN information), not save in NVRAM

3. Transparent Model(can use over 1005 vlan id): create vlan, modify vlan, delete vlan, send/transfer message, not synchronize, save in NVRAM

VTP Cut(start or stop in server mode VTP server):

In order to increase bandwidth, VTP block unnecessary message floor transfer.

Define VTP Model: (config)#vtp mode <server|client|transparent>

Define VTP Domain name: (config)#vtp domain <domain-name>

Domain name: 1-32 characters

Define VTP Domain password: (config)#vtp password <password>

Password: 8-64 characters

Example

Need to configure the interface into VLAN